dacti - object

dacti
dai

'object'

1 is a material object enduring in space-time; x1 is a thing

cf. marji, xanri

tugni - 'agree'

tugni
tug tu'i

'agree'

x1 [person] agrees with person(s)/position/side x2 that x3 (du'u) is true about matter x4

cf. sarxe, mapti, darlu, natfe, panpi, sarji

Sorry, I was quite lazy and didn't post/learn any new words the past days.
u'u .i mi puzi lazni .i mi na puzi cilre lo cnino valsi

bacru - 'utter'

bacru
ba'u

'utter'

x1 utters verbally/says/phonates/speaks [vocally makes sound] x2

* also voices; does not necessarily imply communication or audience
* ('says' is usually cusku)

cf. krixa, cusku, casnu, tavla, voksa, pinka

ciska - 'write'

ciska
ci'a

'write'

x1 inscribes/writes x2 on display/storage medium x3 with writing implement x4; x1 is a scribe

* also x3 writing surface

cf. papri, penbi, pinsi, tcidu, xatra, pixra, prina, finti for 'author' or specific authorial works, barna, pinka

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* goi - pro-sumti assign
* ko'a - it-1
* ri - last sumti
* vo'a - x1 it
* di'u - last utterance

Quite some grammar this week. Gismu next week. Any special wishes? By the way, what's the status, durka? .u'i

Last week:

* sepli - 'apart'
* preti - 'question'
* xanri - 'imaginary'
* ranxi - 'irony'
* kelci - 'play'

Some time ago:

* zi'e - relative clause joiner
* ku'o - relative clause terminator
* ke'a - relativized it
* poi - restrictive clause

Even longer ago:

* be - link sumti
* bebna - 'foolish'
* cuxna - 'choose'
* roi - quantified tense
* ma'i - in reference frame

di'u - last utterance

di'u
KOhA2

last utterance

pro-sumti: the last utterance

A little bit late..the last one for this week. And, by the way...durka! Don't forget!

vo'a - x1 it

vo'a
KOhA4

x1 it

pro-sumti: repeats 1st place of main bridi of this sentence

ri - last sumti

ri
KOhA5

last sumti

pro-sumti: the last sumti, as determined by back-counting rules

Continuing the pro-sumti-series. By the way, someone remind durka of his plans to finish the valsi-blog-to-rememberize-script!

ko'a - it-1

ko'a
KOhA4

it-1

pro-sumti: he/she/it/they #1 (specified by goi)

Just ripping the example from the reference grammar:

13.2) le cribe goi ko'a cu xekri
.i ko'a citka le smacu
The bear defined-as it-1 is-black.
It-1 eats the mouse.

I guess this week won't bring anything more interesting than some other pro-sumti-cmavo.

goi - pro-sumti-assign

goi
GOI

pro-sumti assign

sumti assignment; used to define/assign ko'a/fo'a series pro-sumti; Latin 'sive'

Two posts today because i missed the one yesterday. Check out the reference grammar on pro-sumti http://jbotcan.org/cllc/c6/s13.html in case it's new for you.

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* sepli - 'apart'
* preti - 'question'
* xanri - 'imaginary'
* ranxi - 'irony'
* kelci - 'play'

Fixed. Thanks for reading this blog. Maybe it's noteworthy that by now, people from over 40 different countries have stumbled for whatever reason across the blog!

Last week:

* zi'e - relative clause joiner
* ku'o - relative clause terminator
* ke'a - relativized it
* poi - restrictive clause

Some time ago:

* be - link sumti
* bebna - 'foolish'
* cuxna - 'choose'
* roi - quantified tense
* ma'i - in reference frame

Even longer ago:

* smuni - 'meaning'
* platu - 'plan'
* zbasu - 'make'
* larcu - 'art'

sepli - 'apart'

sepli
sep, sei

'apart'

x1 is apart/separate from x2, separated by partition/wall/gap/interval/separating medium x3

* also aloof (= jiksei)
* alone = rolsmisei meaning apart or unlike all others of its kind
* pavysei, seirpavmei meaning "only" or "one alone" - do not use when talking about, for example, two people who are alone)
* x3 space

cf. bitmu, snuji, senta, fendi, curve, jinsa, bitmu, marbi

I wanted to express {rolsmisei}, but it's not a gismu.

preti - 'question'

preti
ret, rei

'question'

x1 (quoted text) is a question/query about subject x2 by questioner x3 to audience x4

cf. nabmi, danfu, ciksi, frati, spuda, cpedu

Heh, we all do have quite some questions, don't we? The collection at http://garden.irmacs.sfu.ca/ contains some questions without answers yet.

xanri - 'imaginary'

xanri
xar

'imaginary'

x1 [concept] exists in the imagination of/is imagined by/is imaginary to x2

* also (adjective:) x1 is mental (one sense), x1 is unreal (one sense)
* in spite of the synonym, note that x2 is imaginary does not imply that it doesn't exist in the real world
* the definition is crafted so that one can talk about imaginary things without claiming that they thereby really exist

cf. fatci, senva, sucta, zasti, cfika, dacti, menli, sidbo

Hooray for imagination!

ranxi - 'irony'

ranxi
rax

'irony'

x1 is ironic(al)/contrary to e xpectation x2 in state/property/aspect x3

cf. dukti, frica, cizra

Oh yeah, irony!

kelci - 'play'

kelci
kel, kei

'play'

x1 [agent] plays with plaything/toy x2

* play game (= ci'erkei)
* play competitively (= jvikei)

cf. jivna, jinga, zdile

I don't think I have a special topic for this week, just arbitrarily selected words.

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* zi'e - relative clause joiner
* ku'o - relative clause terminator
* ke'a - relativized it
* poi - restrictive clause

Off by one day, hopefully fixed next week. Thanks for reading this blog.

Last week:

* be - link sumti
* bebna - 'foolish'
* cuxna - 'choose'
* roi - quantified tense
* ma'i - in reference frame

Some time ago:

* smuni - 'meaning'
* platu - 'plan'
* zbasu - 'make'
* larcu - 'art'

Even longer ago:

* spaji - 'surprise'
* tatpi - 'tired'
* melbi - 'beautiful'
* fange - 'foreign'
* mukti - 'motive'

zi'e - relative clause joiner

zi'e
ZIhE

rel clause joiner

joins relative clauses which apply to the same sumti

Yeah, still relative clauses, hope you still enjoy them. Chapter for today: http://jbotcan.org/cllc/c8/s4.html

ku'o - relative clause terminator

ku'o
KUhO

relative clause terminator

elidable terminator: end NOI relative clause; always elidable, but preferred in complex clauses

ke'a - relativized it

ke'a
KohA7

relativized it

pro-sumti: relativized sumti (object of relative clause)

One more ingredient for relative clauses, enjoy!

poi - restrictive clause

poi
NOI

restrictive clause

restrictive relative clause; attaches subordinate bridi with identifying information to a sumti

One of the 100 most used words. For more information on restrictive clauses, check the grammar at chapter 8, http://jbotcan.org/cllc/c8/s1.html.

It's hard to keep my Weltanschauung out of this today :!

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* be - link sumti
* bebna - 'foolish'
* cuxna - 'choose'
* roi - quantified tense
* ma'i - in reference frame

Thanks for reading this blog.

Last week:

* smuni - 'meaning'
* platu - 'plan'
* zbasu - 'make'
* larcu - 'art'

Some time ago:

* spaji - 'surprise'
* tatpi - 'tired'
* melbi - 'beautiful'
* fange - 'foreign'
* mukti - 'motive'

Even longer ago:

* cumki - 'possible'
* trina - 'attract'
* sivni - 'private'
* birti - 'certain'
* fliba - 'fail'

ma'i - in reference frame

ma'i
BAI

in reference frame

manri modal, 1st place (by standard 2) in reference frame ...

Quite usful, for those interested the info on {manri}:

manri | mar | reference | x1 is a frame of reference/standard for observing/measuring/determining x2, with/by rules x3 (x1 may be object or si'o idea) | cf. cmavo list ma'i, ckilu, merli, pajni, cimde, jdice, marde

Actually two words for today...

roi - quantified tense

roi
ROI

quantified tense

converts number to an objectively quantified tense interval modifier; defaults to time tense

So taking {so'e} (PA4, meaning 'most') and prepend it to {roi}, we get {so'eroi} meaning 'usually'.

With 60 hours a day there plenty of time left to learn another word, even at weekends. Hope all of you stuck in a 24 hour cycle will agree...Next break is at 5 new words.

AND OF COURSE, HAPPY PI DAY TO ALL!

cuxna - 'choose'

cuxna
cux, cu'a

'choose'

x1 chooses/selects x2 [choice] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set)

* also prefer (= nelcu'a)

cf. jdice, pajni, nelci

.uanai ... drumroll ..I define my days to have 60 hours.. ta dah! I fixed the problem with the number of words this week!

Two quick remarks:
From the gismu.txt:
* Note: a complete set can be partially specified with etcetera (ce zo'e)
and it might helpful, at least for forgetful persons (as I am one), to have a quick look at the reference grammar chapter about masses and sets again: http://jbotcan.org/cllc/c6/s4.html

bebna - 'foolish'

bebna
beb

'foolish'

x1 is foolish/silly in event/action/property [folly] (ka) x2; x1 is a boob

cf. fenki, xajmi, prije, fliba

Err, back from testing my time travelling device. Not perfectly accurate...anyways, let's continue learning.
I was told that the rememberize set is going to be updated again! Pretty cool!

be - link sumti

be
BE

link sumti

umti link to attach sumti (default x2) to a selbri; used in descriptions

I guess for many followers this is nothing new, but anyways it's an important cmavo I'd say. For those unfamiliar with this for, check out the corresponding chapter of the grammar: http://jbotcan.org/cllc/c5/s7.html

Ah, and in order to paper over the cracks of missing days and too few words, I'll simply add the two related words: {bei} and {be'o}!

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* smuni - 'meaning' - gestern
* platu - 'plan'
* zbasu - 'make'
* larcu - 'art'

Thanks for reading this blog. For strange reasons my week only had 4 days before the weekend .Oo
Some cmavo next week!

Last week:

* spaji - 'surprise'
* tatpi - 'tired'
* melbi - 'beautiful'
* fange - 'foreign'
* mukti - 'motive'

Some time ago:

* cumki - 'possible'
* trina - 'attract'
* sivni - 'private'
* birti - 'certain'
* fliba - 'fail'

Even longer ago:

* fi'i - 'hospitality'
* nu'e - 'promise'
* ju'i - 'attention'
* ba'a - 'I anticipate'
* pe'i - 'I opine

smuni - 'meaning'

smuni
mun, smu

'meaning'

x1 is a meaning/interpretation of x2 recognized/seen/accepted by x3

* referential meaning (=selsni, snismu)

cf. jimpe, sinxa, valsi, tanru, gismu, lujvo, cmavo, jufra

platu - 'plan'

platu
pla

'plan'

x1 (agent) plans/designs/plots plan/arrangement/plot/[schematic] x2 for state/process x3

* also invents/organizes; x2 design, scheme; the structure or layout of an object would be represented as a state in x3

cf. cartu

zbasu - 'make'

zbasu
zba

'make'

x1 makes/assembles/builds/manufactures/creates x2 out of materials/parts/components x3

Note: should not be used to express causation

cf. cupra, larcu, rutni, finti, gundi

Well, maybe cmavo next week (:

larcu - 'art'

larcu
lar

'art'

x1 (process) is an art [creative application] of craft/skill x2 (idea/activity)

* (adjective:) x1 is artistic

cf. finti, zbasu, stati

May I point the interested reader to the irregular web comic: http://www.irregularwebcomic.net - it's quite nice and recently put under the "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported" license.
By the way, aood opportunity for any semi-talented artist to create some awesome lojbanic comics! Lazy semi-talented artists could also follow the dinosaur-comics at http://www.qwantz.com using the same panels over and over again.

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* spaji - 'surprise'
* tatpi - 'tired'
* melbi - 'beautiful'
* fange - 'foreign'
* mukti - 'motive'

Thanks for reading this blog. Maybe I'll post some cmavo next week.

Last week:

* cumki - 'possible'
* trina - 'attract'
* sivni - 'private'
* birti - 'certain'
* fliba - 'fail' '

Some time ago:

* fi'i - 'hospitality'
* nu'e - 'promise'
* ju'i - 'attention'
* ba'a - 'I anticipate'
* pe'i - 'I opine

Even longer ago:

* prami 'love'
* cfipu 'confusing'
* ckasu 'ridicule'
* ckeji 'ashamed'

spaji - 'surprise'

spaji
paj

'surprise'

x1 (event/action abstract) surprises/startles/is unexpected [and generally sudden] to x2

* also expectation (= nalspaji)
* alarm (= tepspaji)

cf. manci, jenca, bredi, suksa

tatpi - 'tired'

tatpi
ta'i

'tired'

x1 is tired/fatigued by effort/situation x2 (event); x1 needs/wants rest

cf. cikna, sipna, surla

melbi - 'beautiful'

melbi
mel, mle

'beautiful'

x1 is beautiful/pleasant to x2 in aspect x3 (ka) by aesthetic standard x4

* also: handsome, pretty, gorgeous, cute, comely, graceful

cf. pluka, xamgu

A quite frequently used word I suppose.

But there is another thing I wanted to point out: Some time ago I included a "flagcounter" on the blog, which traces the countries the visitors come from (at least accoring to their ISPs). Up to now, people from more than 20 different countries visited the blog, not counting the people only reading the RSS-feed! Hooray! See for yourself, in case you're interested: http://s03.flagcounter.com/more/gbg

fange - 'foreign'

fange


'alien'

x1 is alien/foreign/[exotic]/unfamiliar to x2 in property x3 (ka)

cf. cizra, jbena, ckini

Err, I'll just pretend the previous days did not happen and I'm in time with my posts. Sorry (:

mukti - 'motive'

mukti
muk, mu'i

'motive'

x1 (action/event/state) motivates/is a motive/incentive for action/event x2, per volition of x3

* also x3 is motivated to bring about result/goal/objective x2 by x1 (= termu'i for reordered places)
* (note that 'under conditions' BAI may apply and be appropriately added to the main predicate level or within the x2 action level)

cf. cmavo list mu'i, nibli, te zukte - generally better for 'goal', se jalge, krinu, rinka, ciksi, djica, xlura

Yeah, some motivation is what I need right now...Sorry for omitting yesterdays posting, I'll do an out of order posting to have 5 words at the end of the week.

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* cumki - 'possible'
* trina - 'attract'
* sivni - 'private'
* birti - 'certain'
* fliba - 'fail' '

Thanks for reading this blog.

Last week:

* fi'i - 'hospitality'
* nu'e - 'promise'
* ju'i - 'attention'
* ba'a - 'I anticipate'
* pe'i - 'I opine


Some time ago:

* prami 'love'
* cfipu 'confusing'
* ckasu 'ridicule'
* ckeji 'ashamed'

cumki - 'possible'

cumki
cum, cu'i

'possible'

x1 (event/state/property) is possible under conditions x2; x1 may/might occur; x1 is a maybe

* also possibility

cf. lakne, cumki

trina - 'attract'

trina
tri

'attract'

x1 attracts/appeals to/lures x2 (person/event) with property/quality x3 (ka)

* also: x1 is alluring to x2

cf. djica, nelci, rigni, xlura, maksi

So, is there another word for prey except maybe the x2 of {kalte}?

sivni - 'private'

sivni
siv

'private'

x1 is private/personal/privy/[secret/confidential/confined] to x2; x1 is not-public/hidden

* also: x1 is secret (one sense)
* x2 is in the know/in touch with/privy to x1 (= selsivni for reordered places)
* exclusion can be expressed by na'e(bo) in x2: excluded/in the dark (= nalselsivni)

cf. gubni, mipri

{sivni} is also this weeks topic, because most of the recent posts are connected through recent events in my life.

birti - 'certain'

birti
bit

'certain'

x1 is certain/sure/positive/convinced that x2 is true

cf. jetnu, jinvi, krici, djuno, senpi, sruma

The gismu {djuno} was already posted quite some time ago. Remember?

fliba - 'fail'

fliba
fli

'fail'

x1 fails at doing x2 (state/event); x1 is a failure at its role in x2

* baffled (= pesfli, jmifli, dafspufli, menfli, among other senses);
* also x2 ceases/does not complete/fails to continue due to failure on the part of x1

cf. cfila, snada, srera, troci, sisti, ranji, denpa, bebna, zunti

Due to recent events, the 100th posts is 'fail'. Enjoy!

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* fi'i - 'hospitality'
* nu'e - 'promise'
* ju'i - 'attention'
* ba'a - 'I anticipate'
* pe'i - 'I opine'

Thanks for reading this blog.

Last week:

* prami 'love'
* cfipu 'confusing'
* ckasu 'ridicule'
* ckeji 'ashamed'

Some time ago:

* xenru 'regret'
* pacna 'hope'
* pendo 'friend'
* badri 'sad'
* steba 'frustration'
* cinmo 'emotion'

Even longer ago:

* jarco 'show'
* mapti 'fit'
* judri 'address'
* vreji 'record'
* terpa 'fear'

fi'i - 'hospitality'

fi'i
COI

'hospitality'

vocative: hospitality - inhospitality; you are welcome/ make yourself at home

Related:

fi'inai | COI* | inhospitality | vocative: hospitality - inhospitality

A quick follow up...please drop me a comment on irc/blog comment/jabber whether you prefered the cmavo postings over the gismu postings.

nu'e - 'promise'

nu'e
COI

'promise'

vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise

Related to {nu'e} are those two:

nu'ecu'i | COI* | release from promise | vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise
nu'enai | COI* | non-promise | vocative: promise - promise release - un-promise

Should I post more cmavo or restrict to gismu again?

ju'i - 'attention'

ju'i
COI

'attention'

vocative: attention - at ease - ignore me

ba'a - 'I anticipate'

ba'a
UI2

'I anticipate'

evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember

cf. bavykri, lifri, morji

Those to derive from this:

ba'acu'i | UI*2 | I experience | evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember

ba'anai | UI*2 | I remember | evidential: I expect - I experience - I remember

pe'i - 'I opine'

pe'i
UI2

'I opine'

evidential: I opine (subjective claim)

cf. jinvi

Ha, as nobody commented on a next topic you now have to live with the things I came up (well, timos helped me with it, thanks).
This week I'll post some cmavo which might be useful in conversations. I think most attitudinals are known and I linked the grammar section in one of my previous posts. {pe'i} is a evidential, which can be found in the same chapter as attitudinals, but in subsection 11 (see here: Chapter 11, Subsection 13).

ki'e - thanks

This time:

* prami 'love'
* cfipu 'confusing'
* ckasu 'ridicule'
* ckeji 'ashamed'

Thanks for reading this blog. I've no idea for a new topic. Suggest something or just live with my random ideas!

Last week:

* xenru 'regret'
* pacna 'hope'
* pendo 'friend'
* badri 'sad'
* steba 'frustration'
* cinmo 'emotion'

Some time ago:

* jarco 'show'
* mapti 'fit'
* judri 'address'
* vreji 'record'
* terpa 'fear'

Even longer ago:

* rinka 'cause'
* krino 'reason'
* gasnu 'do'
* fasnu 'event'
* gleki 'happy'

Ages ago:

* sidja 'help'
* nitcu 'need'
* djuno 'know'
* dinju 'building'
* cunso 'random'

ckeji - 'ashamed'

ckeji
kej, cke

'ashamed'

x1 feels ashamed/mortified/humiliated under conditions x2 before community/audience x3

cf. cinmo

This is the last word for the topic 'cinmo'. Something different next week.

ckasu - 'ridicule'

ckasu
cas

'ridicule'

x1 ridicules/mocks/scoffs at x2 about x3 (property/event) by doing activity x4 (event)

cf. cmila

cfipu - 'confusing'

cfipu
fi'u

'confusing'

x1 (event/state) confuses/baffles x2 [observer] due to [confusing] property x3 (ka)

cf. pluja, cfipu, zunti

prami - 'love'

prami
pam, pa'i

'love'

x1 loves/feels strong affectionate devotion towards x2 (object/state)

* also: x1 is loving towards x2, x1 is a lover of x2 (one sense), x2 is beloved by x1 (= selpa'i for reordered places)

cf. cinmo, xebni, nelci, djica, sinma, pluka, kurji, pendo, speni

I think everyone already knows this word because it's used in quite a big number of examples among the introductionary texts, but nevertheless I post it because it fits the topic.

ki'e - thanks

I think it's time for a summary again:

* xenru 'regret'
* pacna 'hope'
* pendo 'friend'
* badri 'sad'
* steba 'frustration'
* cinmo 'emotion'

Thanks for reading this blog.

Some time ago:

* jarco 'show'
* mapti 'fit'
* judri 'address'
* vreji 'record'
* terpa 'fear'

Even longer ago:

* rinka 'cause'
* krino 'reason'
* gasnu 'do'
* fasnu 'event'
* gleki 'happy'

Ages ago:

* sidja 'help'
* nitcu 'need'
* djuno 'know'
* dinju 'building'
* cunso 'random'

So long ago that I've a hard time remembering:

* taxfu 'garment'
* cekra 'shirt'
* palku 'pants'
* skaci 'skirt'
* pastu 'robe'

xenru - 'regret'

xenru
xe'u

'regret'

x1 regrets/rues (abstraction) x2; x1 is regretful/rueful/sorry/[remorseful] about x2

also: x1 feels remorse about x2 (= zugyxe'u)

cf. cmavo list .u'u, zungi

Finally a word which references the cmavo lists' attitudinal indicators, so here the link to the chapter in the grammar: http://www.lojban.org/tiki/tiki-download_wiki_attachment.php?attId=185&page=The+Lojban+Reference+Grammar/publications/reference_grammar/chapter13.htmlamp;download=y

pacna - 'hope'

pacna
pa'a

'hope'

x1 hopes/wishes for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens

* also: x1 is hopeful of x2; x2 will hopefully occur, as hoped for by x1
* the value of x3 is a subjective estimate of likeliness according to x1, and is the basic determinant of whether pacna means 'hope' or 'wish' or 'expect': hoping for objects/states with negligible expectation is "wishing"
* if the state is plausibly likely, it is "hoping"
* when the probability is subjectively near 1, the attitude is described as "expecting"
* the value will usually be expressed using inexact numbers ("li piso'u" to "li piro")
* wish (= sotpa'a), hope (= sorpa'a), expect (= sojypa'a)]

cf. djica

pendo - 'friend'

pendo
ped, pe'o

'friend'

x1 is/acts as a friend of/to x2 (experiencer); x2 befriends x1

cf. bradi, xendo, nelci, prami, bradi

Though this isn't a feeling, it's the right time for this word.

I think this is the first time I don't post a list of words but a new word on a saturday.

badri - 'sad'

badri
dri

'sad'

x1 is sad/depressed/dejected/[unhappy/feels sorrow/grief] about x2 (abstraction)

cf. klaku, gleki, betri, cinmo, junri

steba - 'frustration'

steba
seb

'frustration'

x1 feels frustration about x2 (abstraction)

cf. cinmo

cinmo - 'emotion'

cinmo
cni

'emotion'

x1 feels emotion x2 (ka) about x3

* also mood/humor (= nuncni)

cf. cmavo list ci'o, cumla, jilra, nelci, xendo, ckeji, cortu, jgira, kecti, kufra, manci, prami, steba, zungi, badri, burna, gleki

I'll just inserted this post to the date of the day before yesterday to have some topic for the following posts.
Maybe with the help of the follow words better answers to the generic question {do mo} (than {mi zasti}) are possible.